"do" meaning in Middle English

See do in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /dɔ̝ː/, /dɑː/ [Early-Middle-English], /daː/ [Northern] Forms: dos [plural], don [plural], doo [alternative], da [alternative, Northern], daa [alternative, Northern]
Etymology: Inherited from Old English dā, from Proto-West Germanic *daihā, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁(y)-. The use of do as a common term for both the male and female fallow deer (departing from the expectation that the term for the male, bukke, would be generalised) may be a semantic loan from Latin damma or because bukke also meant "he-goat". Etymology templates: {{etymid|enm|doe}}, {{yesno||i|I}} I, {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|enm|ang|dā|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Old English dā, {{inh+|enm|ang|dā}} Inherited from Old English dā, {{inh|enm|gmw-pro|*daihā}} Proto-West Germanic *daihā, {{der|enm|ine-pro|*dʰeh₁(y)-}} Proto-Indo-European *dʰeh₁(y)-, {{semantic loan|enm|la|damma|nocap=1}} semantic loan from Latin damma Head templates: {{head|enm|noun|g=|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=}} do, {{enm-noun|pl=dos|pl2=don}} do (plural dos or don)
  1. A female fallow deer (mammal of the genus Dama)
    Sense id: en-do-enm-noun-1LD2efha Categories (other): Female animals Disambiguation of Female animals: 50 1 4 16 18 3 3 3 3
  2. A fallow deer of either sex.
    Sense id: en-do-enm-noun-qNPrnNGL
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 1

Verb

Head templates: {{head|enm|verb|altform=1|cat2=verb forms}} do
  1. alternative form of don Tags: alt-of, alternative Alternative form of: don
    Sense id: en-do-enm-verb-uCMtE3ZV Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 6 2 10 24 27 8 8 8 8
  2. inflection of don:
    first-person singular present indicative
    Tags: first-person, form-of, indicative, present, singular Form of: don
    Sense id: en-do-enm-verb-Q1mB687a Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Cervids Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 6 2 10 24 27 8 8 8 8 Disambiguation of Cervids: 8 3 6 31 35 4 4 4 4
  3. inflection of don:
    plural present indicative
    Tags: form-of, indicative, plural, present Form of: don
    Sense id: en-do-enm-verb-NzCNdIrO Categories (other): Middle English entries with incorrect language header, Cervids Disambiguation of Middle English entries with incorrect language header: 6 2 10 24 27 8 8 8 8 Disambiguation of Cervids: 8 3 6 31 35 4 4 4 4
  4. inflection of don:
    imperative
    Tags: form-of, imperative Form of: don
    Sense id: en-do-enm-verb-yJtSt12U
  5. inflection of don:
    subjunctive singular
    Tags: form-of, singular, subjunctive Form of: don
    Sense id: en-do-enm-verb-iW4hWNjG
  6. inflection of don:
    infinitive
    Tags: form-of, infinitive Form of: don
    Sense id: en-do-enm-verb-ssin-CJr
  7. inflection of don:
    past participle
    Tags: form-of, participle, past Form of: don
    Sense id: en-do-enm-verb-BE2HXoek
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

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      ],
      "tags": [
        "alt-of",
        "alternative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English first-person singular forms",
        "Middle English past participles",
        "Middle English plural forms"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "don"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of don:",
        "first-person singular present indicative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "don",
          "don#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English first-person singular forms",
        "Middle English past participles",
        "Middle English plural forms"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "don"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of don:",
        "plural present indicative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "don",
          "don#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English first-person singular forms",
        "Middle English past participles",
        "Middle English plural forms"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "don"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of don:",
        "imperative"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "don",
          "don#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English first-person singular forms",
        "Middle English past participles",
        "Middle English plural forms"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "don"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of don:",
        "subjunctive singular"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "don",
          "don#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English first-person singular forms",
        "Middle English past participles",
        "Middle English plural forms"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "don"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of don:",
        "infinitive"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "don",
          "don#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Middle English first-person singular forms",
        "Middle English past participles",
        "Middle English plural forms"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "don"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "inflection of don:",
        "past participle"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "don",
          "don#Middle_English"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "do"
}

Download raw JSONL data for do meaning in Middle English (6.3kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-02-14 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-02-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 59dc20b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.